
Between Magna Carta and the Parliamentary State: the Fine Rolls of King Henry III 1248-1272
A fine in the reign of King Henry III (1216–1272) was an agreement to pay the king a sum of money for a specified concession. The rolls on which the fines were recorded provide the earliest systematic evidence of what people and institutions across society wanted from the king and he was prepared to give. Surviving in almost continuous sequence from 1199, they are preserved in The National Archives at Kew, one for each regnal year.